Design: Fashion designers create collections, often with a vision or theme that reflects cultural, social, or personal influences. The design process includes creating prototypes, choosing materials, and translating ideas into wearable art. Manufacturing: Clothing is produced in factories, sometimes through mass production and sometimes in smaller, artisanal settings. Many fashion brands rely on global supply chains, which means parts of the production process (such as fabric sourcing, stitching, and finishing) can take place in different countries. Retail: Retailing has evolved significantly in recent years, with the rise of e-commerce transforming the shopping experience. Traditional brick-and-mortar stores are now complemented by online shopping platforms and social media-based marketing.